Validation of the male-specific ORF of the paternally-transmitted mtDNA in Mytilus edulis as a protein-coding gene
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There appears to be an additional set of sex-specific mtDNA-encoded proteins in bivalve species with doubly uniparental mitochondrial inheritance that may be involved in the transmission of the female and male mitogenomes. In the marine mussel Mytilus edulis, the translation of the female-specific open reading frame (F-ORF) was demonstrated but the translation of the male-specific ORF (M-ORF) remains to be shown. Here we validate the male-specific ORF of the paternal mitogenome in M. edulis as a protein-coding gene. The M-ORF protein was detected only in male gonads and localized in sperm mitochondria and acrosome, suggesting that it is involved in a key sperm function in Mytilus edulis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".