Experienced generation-dependent functional and numerical responses of Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) long-term reared on thorn apple pollen
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The functional and numerical responses of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Phytoseiidae) females reared on thorn apple pollen (Datura stramonium L.) over 40 generations on different densities (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128) of deutonymphs of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) were determined. The results indicated a type II functional response for N. californicus on T. urticae in generations of G0 (no rearing on pollen as control), G10, G20, G30, and G40. The attack rate (α) for N. californicus females increased as the number of generations increased from G0 (0.079 h-1) to G20 (0.182 h-1), then decreased in G30 and G40. The longest and shortest handling time (Th) was observed in G0 (1.670 h) and G40 (0.890 h), respectively. The highest value of maximum attack rate (T/Th) was estimated in G40 (26.96 prey/day). The equation of the regression line showed that the relationship between the prey density and the number of eggs laid was significant in G0, G10 and G40, and the number of eggs deposited by N. californicus increased with increasing the density of prey. The relationship between the prey density and ECI (the efficiency of conversion of ingested food) was not significant in tested generations. Our findings show that long-term rearing on thorn apple pollen did not affect the type of functional response and efficiency of N. californicus by confirming this predator is an effective biological control agent against T. urticae.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".