Tariqa of Hizib Nahdlatul Wathan: Construction of Social Change During the New Order Period in Lombok, Indonesia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The tariqa of Hizib Nahdlatul Wathan (NW) has played a role in social and cultural change in a community. This study explains the role of the Hizib NW tariqa in the construction of social and cultural change during the New Order era in Lombok, Indonesia. This study uses the historical method with four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The Hizib NW tariqa in Lombok has been a social and cultural identity for its followers throughout New Order history. Hamzanwadi, the founder of the Hizib NW tariqa, uses three paths to build the identity of his followers in social change in Lombok: education, politics, and the ceremonial rituals of the Hizib NW tariqa. The long history of the NW organization and the NW Hizib tariqa during the New Order era gave the people of Lombok a new awareness to build an ideal identity adapted to social and cultural changes. The tariqa of Hizib NW has become a spirit, a source of information, motivation, and an instrument of integration among the people of Lombok. This study can be a reference in understanding the congregation in Lombok and its role in the socio-cultural life of the Lombok people, which helps create a harmonious society.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".