Seeing empathy as resistance: a conjunctural photovoice study of women and mining in Indonesia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mining is increasingly under the scholarly microscope for its social and environmental impacts, including its uneven gender impacts. To study resistance of women across two communities affected by a long-established nickel mining and smelting operation in Indonesia, we paired photovoice with a discussion on conjunctures in the photo-stories. Photovoice is a visual ethnographic method that combines photography and storytelling to explore answers to research questions centered on how research participants make sense of their social worlds. By adding a discussion of conjunctures found in the photo-stories, we noted the combined methods facilitated empathetic responses and cross-community solidarity, a powerful antidote to the hyper-individualism and social discord fostered by mining interests in the neoliberal capitalist period. As Indonesia plans to open dozens more nickel mines and smelters, like the one in our study, in the rush to supply nickel for electric vehicle batteries, our study challenges scholars to look for empathy and solidarity. Seeing and exercising empathy and solidarity are important as extractive interests are expected to continue divide and conquer tactics to secure land and resources for exploitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".