Revised Work on Absolute Position and Energy of a Particle and Its Anti-particle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The experimental indication that the universe expands may allow to use its expansion velocity to fix a unique and absolute reference frame in which an absolute position for a particle may be defined. The absolute position may include the particle's external information but also all its internal information. This was first discussed in [Brodet, 2017], [Brodet, 2018], [Brodet 2019] and is updated and developed further in this paper. The absolute position suggested here is built on the space-time structure of special relativity and the absolute reference frame fix. It includes the particle's mass and information related to the particle's charge and spin. Defining the particle's absolute position may subsequently allow to also define its absolute energy and momentum. Furthermore, we shall show that by adopting a deterministic approach to the decay time of a particle we may get novel absolute expressions for the particle's internal energy and for its mass, charge and magnetic moment. The absolute expressions we get for the energy, momentum, charge, mass and magnetic moment are all related to the running of the coupling constant and to the absolute reference fix. The absolute quantities discussed above are defined for a particle and for its anti-particle. In this context, the relationship between a particle and its anti-particle are discussed as well. Experimental ways to investigate the suggested additional information related to the fundamental quantities and to the relationship of a particle and its anti-particle are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".