Amine-functionalised poly(glycidyl methacrylate) hydrogels for Congo red adsorption
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dyes are one of the most common pollutants in wastewater due to their widespread use. Therefore, to protect aquatic ecosystems, dyes must be treated in situ and/or in vivo. In this study, poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) gels were synthesized. PGMA gels were subsequently modified with diethylenetriamine (DETA) and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) containing different numbers and lengths of amino groups to obtain PGMA–NH2 hydrogels. Finally, these hydrogels were used for the adsorption of Congo red (CR). Adsorption studies were carried out according to the batch adsorption procedure. From the study, the contact time was found to be 40 min and the highest adsorption capacities of 196 and 147 mg/g for PGMA–DETA and PGMA–TEPA were reached, respectively. Isotherm and kinetic experiments showed that the adsorption obeys the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order equation. The CR dye is an anionic indicator dye. These results showed that PGMA–NH2 hydrogels have significant potential for efficient adsorption of anionic dyes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".