Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The debate on the posting of workers in the European Union (EU) shows no sign of resolution 15 years after the controversial Laval quartet of judgements by the ECJ. The majority view has it that the judgements gave social dumping the backing of EU law, thus undermining national achievements in the social sphere. From this perspective the 2018 Revised Posted Workers Directive is a step in the right direction. The critique from the periphery, on the other hand, alleges that what looks like social dumping from the centre amounts to equality of opportunity for workers of the periphery, thus seeing the judgements in a more ambiguous or even positive light. The Revised PWD is here seen as a reassertion of national dominance from the EU’s centre. In this paper I engage with Christodoulidis’s constitutional approach to this complex problem which he develops in The Redress of Law, arguing against his embrace of the majority position in Part 3 of his work while building on his radical democratic proposals from Part 4. From the latter’s perspective, both the majority view as well as the critique from the periphery are to be rejected, since the very opposition between the two options is inimical to workers’ rights in the EU. Radical democratic action is necessary to overcome this impasse, to open the space within which rights and interests of workers from across the Union can be properly protected and advanced.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.023 | 0.035 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.026 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.014 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.014 | 0.012 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".