Factors Affecting the Long-Term Protection Against Hepatitis B Immunization in Infancy: A Meta-Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
the Indonesian government has recently included the hepatitis B vaccination for toddlers in an immunization development program known as the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). Vaccination efforts have been able to reduce the number of people with the HBB and acute morbidity. Vaccination efforts have been able to reduce the number of people with HBV and acute morbidity. 6 However, vaccine effectiveness is affected by several host factors, including age, comorbidities, previous HBV exposure, time since vaccination, and other vaccine-related factors such as type, schedule, dose, and vaccine used. n 2017, the percentage of pregnant women with reactive Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in East Java, Indonesia, was 2.77%. It has been shown that vaccination against HBV infection in infants and neonates can reduce the burden of the disease. According to WHO, after completing the recommended immunization schedule, Hepatitis B vaccination should result in a level of antibody protection in 95% of individuals. 8,9 Each individual's reaction to the hepatitis B vaccine's protective effect varies, and several factors, including age, male sex, obesity, chronic disease, genetic factors, alcohol use, and immunosuppressive conditions, affect how much seroprotection remains in those who have received the vaccine. 1 Several factors affect the protective effect of anti-HBs even though they have been vaccinated against hepatitis B, including non-compliance with cold chain vaccine storage procedures, wrong vaccination procedures, delays in giving vaccines at birth, loss of effectiveness of vaccines that are very susceptible during freezing and history of HBsAg-positive mothers. Lower vaccine doses given during infancy have also been associated with failure to respond to boosters. 11 Another metaanalysis assessing the immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in premature and low birth weight infants found an association between preterm birth and a low immune response to hepatitis B vaccine. 12 Hepatitis B vaccine protection depends on immune memory rather than anti-HBs levels so that a booster dose is needed or not based on immune memory because anti-HBs levels can decrease over time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.025 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.014 | 0.051 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".