Three-dimensional non-Darcy free convective heat transfer flow in a bidisperse porous medium within a cubical cavity
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heat transport in porous media, especially in a bidisperse porous matrix, has recently received considerable attention due to its diverse real-life applications in applied science and engineering. In the current study, we employ the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model and three temperature equations incorporating the local thermal nonequilibrium conditions among the fluid and the porous matrix to examine the three-dimensional free convective heat transfer flow in a bidisperse permeable matrix inside a cubical cavity. The Galerkin weighted residual finite element method simulates the model's non-dimensional governing equations. We examine the effects of the significant model parameters on the flow and heat domains considering (104 ≤ Raf ≤ 106), (103 ≤ Rap ≤ 106), (10−3 ≤ Daf ≤ 10−1), (10−4 ≤ Dap ≤ 10−2),(0.7 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.9)and(0.4 ≤ ε ≤ 0.7). It is found that the average Nusselt number in the macrophase, microphase, and solid matrix increased with the increase of the macro porosity for about 7.18%, 7.06%, and 9.86%, respectively, when it rises from 0.7 to 0.9. Furthermore, increasing the micro-porosity enhances the rate of heat transfer. As the Raleigh number advances, there is a noticeable increase in heat transfer in both the macrophase and the microphase.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it