Emma Goldman and the United States: The History of a Love-Hate Relationship
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Emma Goldman had a love-hate relationship with the United States. While she was radicalized there after her arrival as an immigrant who had left Czarist Russia in her teens, the female anarchist spent years fighting the state and its government for more freedom and equality. The First World War witnessed the climax of this struggle, and Goldman’s support for the Bolsheviks and the Russian Revolution turned her into a prominent target of new laws that would be used to expel her from the US. Afterward, she experienced the “Soviet utopia” and lived in many European countries. Goldman lectured there about the American anarchist movement, US capitalism, and the failure of the workers to challenge capitalism. The present article follows the history and the development of this special love-hate relationship and thereby not only provides a detailed evaluation of Goldman’s genesis as a radical anarchist in its American context, but also highlights the overlap between biographical history, the history of anarchism in the United States, and global migration experiences in the first third of the 20th century, as they were brought together and influenced by transnational events, i.e. the First World War, the Russian Revolution, and its consequences.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it