Issues of surgical treatment of tumors considered at the meetings of the Saratov Physico-Medical Society in the last quarter of the 19th century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article highlights the scientific and practical contribution of the Physico-Medical Society to the formation and development of oncology and achievements in providing medical care to patients in the Saratov province at the end of the 19th century. The work was done on the basis of the minutes of the meetings and the proceedings of the society in 18761900 and annual reports of the provincial zemstvo and city hospitals, indicating not only an increase in the number of patients with neoplasms, but also an improvement in clinical diagnostic methods, an expansion of indications for surgical treatment and rehabilitation measures after surgical interventions. The most interesting clinical cases and rare localizations of neoplasms are presented, brief speeches of members of the society when discussing reports, are given, that may be of not only historical and medical, but also of great clinical interest to modern practitioners. Published materials show that the diagnosis and surgical treatment of neoplasms in patients at the end of the 19th century were carried out at a high professional level.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".