Bibliographic record
Abstract
Letters to the editor Insulin discovery The May 8 issue of C&EN reports on the American Chemical Society’s honoring Eli Lilly and Company with a National Historic Chemical Landmark designation for producing the first commercial doses of insulin (page 36). That was certainly an achievement well worthy of recognition. However, featuring an article about the introduction of insulin without mentioning that it was discovered by Frederick Banting, Charles Best, James Collip, and John James Rickard Macleod at the University of Toronto is a unique and likely unprecedented achievement . This is tantamount to discussing the discovery of penicillin at St. Mary’s Hospital in London without mentioning Alexander Fleming. C&EN does not stick the landing on this one. Joe Schwarcz Montreal Gel nail polish Your article on gel nail polish (June 5, 2023, page 18) critically fails to mention that by far the most common photoinitiator employed—diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, commonly
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".