The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two species of Radiodonta (stem-group Euarthropoda) from the Emu Bay Shale (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4), Kangaroo Island, South Australia, are revised based on new field collections and insights from recent phylogenetic analyses and advances in knowledge of radiodonts globally. Anomalocaris briggsi Nedin, 1995 Nedin, C. (1995). The Emu Bay Shale, a Lower Cambrian fossil Lagerstätten, Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists, 18, 31–40. [Google Scholar], the most common Emu Bay Shale radiodont, is designated the type species of a new monotypic genus of Tamisiocarididae, Echidnacaris gen. nov. The less common species, previously identified as Anomalocaris aff. canadensis Whiteaves, 1892 Whiteaves, J. F. (1892). Description of a new genus and species of phyllocarid Crustacea from the Middle Cambrian of Mount Stephen, BC. Canadian Record of Science, 5, 205–208. [Google Scholar], is formally named Anomalocaris daleyae sp. nov. Oral cones are assigned to both Echidnacaris briggsi comb. nov. and A. daleyae based on that of the latter species being found in association with pairs of frontal appendages. The Echidnacaris briggsi oral cone is the best preserved for the family Tamisiocarididae; it is triradial, with three large plates and a more pervasive ornament of nodes than in any other known radiodont. Shared characters of the Echidnacaris and Anomalocaris oral cones add support for a sister group relationship between Tamisiocarididae and Anomalocarididae. Unique eye characters documented in E. briggsi, such as being sessile and encircled by an eye sclerite, are unknown in the other tamisiocaridids, Tamisiocaris and Houcaris, and are tentatively regarded as diagnostic for Echidnacaris. An ovate head element resembling that of Tamisiocaris borealis is assigned to E. briggsi, informed by the sister group relationship between these taxa. Isolated radiodont body flaps and sets of setal blades in the Emu Bay Shale cannot be confidently assigned to a species, although relative abundance suggests that many or most are likely E. briggsi. The inner attachment margin of the body flaps is sharply defined and may represent a suture at which flaps are shed in moulting.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AEFDB294-AE8F-426D-9805-FC701798A986
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it