Radiotherapy combined or not with chemotherapy in adult or pediatric patients with brainstem glioma: a population-based study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of brainstem glioma (BCG) patients treated by radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation (CHRT) in the last 20 years in a population cohort. Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with BSG from 2000-2020 treated by RT or CHRT were identified from The Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo database. Data on age, gender, practice setting, period of treatment, and treatment modality were extracted. The overall survival (OS) was estimated, and the subgroups were compared with the log-rank test. Cox proportional test was used in multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 253 patients with a median follow-up of 12 months were included. There were 197 pediatric and 56 adult patients. For the entire cohort, the 1 and 3-year OS was 46%, and 23%, with a median OS of 11 months. In the subgroup analysis, adults had a median survival of 33 months versus 10 months in pediatric patients (p = 0.002). No significant difference in OS between RT and CHRT was observed in pediatric or adult subgroups (p > 0.05). The use of CHRT has significantly increased over the years. In the multivariate analysis, adult patients were the only independent prognostic factor associated with a better OS (p < 0.001). Conclusions: BSG had poor survival with no significant improvement in the treatment outcomes over the last 20 years, despite the addition of chemotherapy. Adult patients were independently associated with better survival.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".