Bibliographic record
Abstract
The origins of this book go back to several times and places.Its oldest roots lead back to the late 1700s, when Ojibwe people first moved westward to the Lake Winnipeg region.Some of the early newcomers moved back and forth along the waterways, but others stayed in the west, reaching as far as the Cumberland House area along the Saskatchewan River or settling along Lake Winnipeg.Trading with Scottish and Canadian fur traders based in Montreal and with the English-based Hudson's Bay Company, they and their descendants also sometimes intermarried with Crees and with members of the traders' Aboriginal families.These first generations included some of the ancestors and older relatives whose stories William Berens, chief of the Berens River band from 1917 to 1947, recounted to A. Irving Hallowell, the American anthropologist with whom he worked from 1930 to 1940.Hallowell in turn preserved those stories and memories with care until his death in 1974, and his papers eventually passed to the safekeeping of the
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.472 | 0.250 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".