Bibliographic record
Abstract
Upheaval Abroad, Slow Progress at Home, 1861-65 Revolution engulfed the continent.American democracy was self-destructing.British Columbia, left rudderless after Hudson's Bay Company rule ended, was becoming a Crown colony.Canada, frustrated by years of political paralysis, was proposing a daring new constitutional adventure.To many at Red River, however, frustrated by the prolonged stare-down between the company and the British government over Rupert's Land's surrender, and by Canada's averted attention, their political future seemed distant.In reality, change was closer than they imagined.And while some of the more restless launched hilariously unsuccessful democratic experiments, most were content with improved local government by a more competent and fractionally more representative Council of Assiniboia; and with a legal system guided by lay recorders whose performances generally surpassed those of their legally trained predecessors.When, in late 1865, the scrawny village at the crotch of the Portage and Red River Trails began to call itself the "Town of Winnipeg," it already possessed some features of what would become the first city in the C anadian west.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".