Investigations on the stability of the ambient processed bismuth based lead-free A3Bi2I9 (A = MA; Cs) perovskite thin-films for optoelectronic applications
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-free bismuth (Bi) halide-based hybrid perovskites exhibit promising optoelectronic properties with low toxicity and air-stability. Fully ambient processed and high-quality perovskite thin-films are much desired for the industrialization of perovskite solar cells . So far, most of the lead-free perovskite halide thin films are processed and fabricated inside the glove box with ppm level atmosphere-controlled environment due to their poor stability. In this work, we report a one-step solution process employing solvent engineering to obtain highly crystalline and uniform (CH 3 NH 3 ) 3 Bi 2 I 9 (MBI) and Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 (CBI) perovskite thin-films prepared completely under ambient atmosphere. We further verified the stability of these MBI and CBI perovskite thin-films by exposing them to the ambient air with relative humidity and at room temperature for 180 days. The comparative structural, surface morphology and optical analysis of the samples show that bismuth halide perovskite can be an ideal candidate for fabrication in ambient atmosphere.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it