Sixty-year history of dopaminergic mechanism of antipsychotic drugs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
the Nobel Prize for his research on the pathogenic and therapeutic role of dopamine.A portrait of this researcher was sketched.Next, the development of the dopaminergic theory of antipsychotic drugs was presented.A concept of dopaminergic receptor blockade was depicted and the dopaminergic D 2 receptors were identified as a main element of antipsychotic drug action.A novel finding was the discovery of partial agonists of D 2 receptors.The effect on the dopaminergic system and interactions with other neurotransmitters have formed the basis for the identification of three generations of antipsychotic drugs.The first generation of antipsychotics was characterised by the blockade of dopaminergic D 2 receptors and the second generation additionally by the blockade of serotonergic 5-HT 2 receptors.The third generation includes drugs characterised by partial agonism for D 2 receptors and those acting on dopaminergic D3 receptors and serotonergic receptors 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 7 .These groups differ as to the therapeutic spectrum, covering various domains of schizophrenia as well as other psychiatric disturbances, mainly bipolar mood disorder.Conclusions.The effect on the dopaminergic system is the main therapeutic mechanism of antipsychotic drugs.Suggestions of a possible antipsychotic effect due to a predominant influence on other neurotransmitter systems (glutamatergic, serotonergic, cholinergic) have not been sufficiently confirmed. AbstrActObjective.Sixty-year history of the role of the dopaminergic system in the antipsychotic drugs' action.Literature review.Sixty years ago, an article suggested the role of the dopaminergic system in the mechanism of action of neuroleptic (antipsychotic) drugs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".