CAMBIOS NEOLÍTICOS FRAGMENTARIOS EN LOS ANDES ARGENTINOS (32,5°S): TENDENCIAS CRONOLÓGICAS EN LOS FECHADOS, EL PALEOCLIMA Y EL MATERIAL LÍTICO DEL VALLE DE USPALLATA DE MENDOZA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
El primer registro en los Andes argentinos centrales de plantas domésticas, cerámica, cementerios, camélidos domésticos y el arco y la flecha tiene aproximadamente dos mil años.En contraste con las expectativas tradicionales, los cambios neolíticos no ocurrieron juntos.Con el objetivo de evaluar la sincronía y/o diacronía de estos cambios neolíticos en el norte de Mendoza (Argentina), ordenamos seis fases con 92 fechados publicados, cinco de ellos inéditos, y cuatro indicadores paleoclimáticos para el rango cronológico entre 3790-1010 años cal.AP.Refinamos las fases con datos arqueológicos del Valle de Uspallata en la zona de Cerro Tunduqueral (32,5°S), conocido por su arte rupestre.El análisis lítico del registro del Alero Tunduqueral evidencia el desarrollo de estrategias principalmente expeditivas, aprovisionamiento directo de recursos locales y de tipo embedded de rocas con altos costos de adquisición.Estimamos el costo de adquirir materia prima con una superficie de fricción de horas de caminata utilizando SIG.Estos datos permiten proponer un lapso sin elementos neolíticos (fase 1), seguido por una presencia temprana de plantas domésticas, coincidente con un avance neoglacial (fase 2) que lleva a un desplazamiento poblacional hacia las zonas bajas, asociado con la primera cerámica y recintos habitacionales (fase 3) antes de una vuelta a las zonas altas (fases 4 a 6), coincidente con mayores precipitaciones regionales.Palabras claves: el Neolítico, Andes, cronología ecocultural, paleoclima, organización tecnológica, aprovisionamiento lítico.In the central Argentine Andes, the earliest evidence of domestic crops, pottery, cemeteries, domestic camelids, and the bow and arrow dates from approximately two thousand years ago.In contrast to traditional expectations, these Neolithic changes did not occur together.To evaluate the synchronic or diachronic nature of these changes in northern Mendoza (Argentina), we parsed six phases with 92 published dates, five of which are unpublished, and four paleoclimatic proxies for the time span of 3790-1010 cal BP.We refined the phases with archaeological data from the Uspallata Valley around Cerro Tunduqueral, which is known for its rock art.The lithic analysis of the Alero Tunduqueral site provides evidence of mainly expeditious strategies, direct provisioning of local resources, and embedded mobility to acquire more distant raw materials.We estimate the cost of acquiring raw material with a friction surface of walking hours using a GIS.These data allow us to propose a phase without Neolithic elements (phase 1), followed by an early presence of domestic crops during a neoglacial advance (phase 2).The latter led to a population displacement to the lower areas associated with the first ceramics and houses (phase 3), before there was a return to the higher areas (phases 4-6), coinciding with increased regional precipitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".