Informal caregivers must open the door to information during heart surgery patients hospitalization. A qualitative study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background/Introduction Despite the possibility of invasive procedures, open heart surgery is still recommended in cases of severe ischemic heart disease and valvular heart disease. National health authorities recommend that health care professionals in hospital should offer informal caregivers necessary learning and support for burdensome caring duties. Follow-up of heart surgery patients after discharge from hospital can be an informal caregiver challenge. There is a lack of studies on the informal caregivers’ experiences with information from health care professionals from before and during hospitalization. Purpose This study explores the informal caregivers of heart surgery patients experiences of information and communication from health care professionals before and during hospitalization. Methods Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted in informal caregivers to patients, who had undergone open heart surgery. A semi-structured interview guide was used during videotelephony (Facetime), phone or face-to-face onsite interview. The settings were university hospitals in Norway and Denmark respectively and were carried out between November 2022 – January 2023. Data analysis in NVivo software tool, following Braun and Clarke`s 6-step thematic analysis process. Results A total of 12 informal caregivers, married or partnered, two men, mean age 65 years, were interviewed two to four weeks after the patient had been discharged to home following open heart surgery. Two main themes were identified: i) lack of preoperative information and ii) responsibility to chase for in-hospital communication. Informal caregivers must invite themselves to gain access to information before admission. Informal caregivers experienced being a team with the patient before admission and then be separated in the health care system. The information and communication were targeted to the patient. Therefore, it was necessary for informal caregivers to be communicatively strong and thereby force doors open to get needed information for themselves. For some informal caregivers it was manageable while others felt lost and withdrew. Conclusion(s) Informal caregivers to patients undergoing open heart surgery want to be part of the information process before and during hospital admission. They want to be in a team with the patient, but it requires an active invitation from health care professionals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.022 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".