Efficacy and Safety of S1P1 Receptor Modulator Drugs for Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that negatively impacts patients' quality of life. In the last decades, the therapeutic options available for the management of patients with moderate to severe UC have increased significantly, including not only biological drugs but also small molecules. However, there is a persistent need to develop new drugs that act on new targets while minimizing the risk of adverse events. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a membrane-derived lysophospholipid. The S1P gradient between tissues and the circulatory system has a key role in regulating the trafficking of immune cells as autoreactive B and T lymphocytes. S1P receptor modulators could be a safe and efficacious alternative mechanism for reducing inflammation in immune-mediated disorders, including UC, by reducing lymphocyte egress from the lymph nodes to the bloodstream. Several S1P receptor modulators have been developed and tested in UC. Ozanimod is already approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medical Agency (EMA), while etrasimod and VTX002 are still under approval. Oral administration route, rapidity and reliable safety profile are the main advantages of this class of drugs. The aim of this review is to summarize the available evidence for the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of ozanimod, etrasimod, and VTX002 in UC.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".