Facile morphological tuning of thin film composite membranes for enhanced desalination performance
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Polyamide (PA) membranes with a thin selective layer have been widely investigated for desalination and water treatment. Several modifications have been proposed over the years to tailor the morphology of such thin film composite (TFC) membranes by altering the support and/or selective layers to achieve superior performance. In this study, a facile approach towards fabricating a highly wrinkled selective layer has been demonstrated through bio-inspired modification of the support layer with Y-type zeolites. Results showed that incorporating zeolites in a smaller dimension (200 nm) produced by a unique ball milling technique is favorable for a defect-free selective layer in comparison to larger commercial zeolites. PA membranes formed by the interfacial polymerization (IP) of Piperazine (PIP) and 1,3,5-Benzenetricarbonyl trichloride (TMC) revealed highly wrinkled morphology due to the presence of zeolites in the TFC interlayer. At optimum fabrication conditions, the membrane exhibited a fast transport of 22.5 ± 2.2 Lm -2 h -1 bar -1 with a salt rejection of 48.6, 91.3, 99.1, and 99.5% for NaCl, MgCl 2 , MgSO 4 , and Na 2 SO 4 , respectively. Besides the unique preparation of zeolites in smaller dimensions, the novelty of this study lies in the facile membrane pretreatment before IP to achieve wrinkled PA membranes for enhanced nanofiltration performance.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it