MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4385516338 · doi:10.5539/apr.v15n2p22

Cosmological Constant as a Variable Parameter: Spring Theory

2023· article· en· W4385516338 on OpenAlexafffundvenue
Lingman Tsang

Bibliographic record

VenueApplied Physics Research · 2023
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicRelativity and Gravitational Theory
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Windsor
FundersUniversity of Windsor
KeywordsPhysicsCosmological constantGalaxyMathematical physicsHubble's lawGravitationAstrophysicsQuantum mechanicsRedshift

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

A spring term is added into Newton’s law of gravitation. The universe accelerates to luminal or superluminal speed at the outer rim of the Hubble sphere where no matters can be observed. Such a big bang is explained three dimensionally from which we obtain the Hubble constant 10-17.5 /s which is the square root of the cosmological constant   10-35 /s2  .  The missing mass of galaxies in the rotation curves can be clarified via the virial theorm in which galaxies mass 1041    kg and their spring constant 10-31 /s2 match with other authors. Under certain conditions in Sect.5, the Schroedinger equation can be reduced to 1st order for long range interaction and 2nd order(both time and spatial part) for micro interaction; whereas the latter has the same form as the Klein-Gordan equation. Upon a simple modification of the classical field theory, we derive the equation V(r) = a ln(1 + b/r) + C which is compatible with the well known Cornell potential in quark confinement. Such a modified field theory can furtherly apply to planetary motions by adding a spring term in the Binet equation to estimate different spring constants of the sun for the inner planets;they are  1��-14  /s2Mercury, 10-15/s2 Venus amd 10-16 /s2    (Earth). Since spring is a fluid which cannot break except its value k decreases at farther distance. A comparison with the Fischbach’s fifth force is also dicussed in the conclusion.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.560
Threshold uncertainty score0.997

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.003

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.084
GPT teacher head0.376
Teacher spread0.293 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2023
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueApplied Physics ResearchSame topicRelativity and Gravitational TheoryFrench-language works237,207