Acknowledgments

M y first acknowledgment is to Vogar, Manitoba.Vogar, meaning "coves" in Icelandic, is located on the eastern shore of Lake Manitoba in Treaty 2 territory.At the end of the nineteenth century, the Ojibwe and Metis residents of the region were confronted with an influx of immigrants from Iceland, including my great-great-grandparents Jörundur Sigurbjörnsson Eyford and Anna Jónasdóttir.The Icelanders claimed home steads around the Dog Creek Indian Reserve.The farm where I spent the early part of my childhood sits between the reserve and the Metis village of Vogar.The spatial segregation of First Nations, Metis, and Euro-Canadians, established by the Dominion Lands Act and the Indian Act, was, and remains, an inescapable fact of life in the region.Although Vogar doesn't figure into this book directly, my origins in that place have unquestionably helped to shape my thinking about the history of colonization in Western Canada.My second acknowledgment is to Jennifer S.H. Brown, who first helped me to think about that history from a scholarly perspective.In 1999, I was an undergraduate student in Professor Brown's "Natives and Newcomers" seminar at the University of Winnipeg.She suggested that I write my research paper on relations between Aboriginal people and Icelanders in the Manitoba Interlake.She also shared two unpublished papers on the sub ject by Anne Brydon and Winona Stevenson (now Wheeler) that guided me to some of the archival sources that remain central to this study.I want to thank Jennifer Brown for introducing me to the study of Indigenous x Acknowledgments history and for her generosity in sharing teaching materials when I returned to the University of Winnipeg as a faculty member in 2010.She also did me the favour of putting me in contact with Ruth Christie, a Cree storyteller and descendant of both Joseph Monkman and John Ramsay who appear in the following chapters.My thanks go to Ruth for several enjoyable conversations about her ancestors and the many Indigenous-Icelandic connections around Lake Winnipeg.This book has benefitted from the insightful critiques and sage advice of several outstanding historians.My list of debts to Adele Perry is too long to detail here.Suffice it to say that she gave generously of her time and expertise in helping me refine my ideas about the linkages between immigration and colonialism in Western Canada.Gerry Friesen pushed me to sharpen my arguments about the spatial dynamics of colonization over many lunches in St. John's College.In Iceland, Guðmundur Hálfdánarson provided helpful feedback on some early drafts and assisted me in applying for Icelandic research funding.Royden Loewen gave important encouragement, especially since we became department colleagues.Many other friends and colleagues past and present in the history departments at the Universities of Manitoba and Winnipeg helped me in a variety of ways, including

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