Shifting the paradigm: A critical review of social innovation literature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this review of ten years of social innovation research (2012-2022), we define and explore three paradigms in the field: instrumentalist, strong, and democratic. We investigate how language usage and geography play a central role in identifying which paradigms recently published scholarship falls into. While we do not insist that sharp divisions exist between each paradigm, we do find that on the “instrumentalist” side, language tends to abstract or neutralize power relations. Further, these perspectives tend to derive from Western or Eurocentric orientations or biases. The “strong” paradigm accepts the necessity of institutional and stakeholder engagement and seeks to engage socially excluded populations. In contrast, geographical diversity, attendance to historicized and systemic inequalities, and elevation of the most marginalized communities are more likely to be centered in the “democratic” paradigm. We apply this discussion to recent research in arts-related social innovation and the related field of social entrepreneurship.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.021 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.018 | 0.017 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".