Secure and Efficient Bloom-Filter-Based Image Search in Cloud-Based Internet of Things
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Image search is a hot topic, which has played a significant role in various Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as disease diagnosis, face recognition, and fingerprint recognition. Meanwhile, the proliferation of images has led image owners to outsource images to the cloud for reducing local storage and computation burdens. Therefore, image search without compromising privacy over cloud has received considerable attention and extensively explored in the literature. Many Bloom filter (BF)-based schemes have been put forth in past years, however, most of them suffer from high storage overhead, low false positive rate, and even expose the values in BF. To solve these challenges, in this article, we first design a merged and repeated indistinguishable BF (MRIBF) index structure, which can reduce the storage overhead and achieve adaptive security with a low false positive rate. Then, with the MRIBF, we propose a secure and efficient BF-based image search (BFIS) scheme to achieve a faster-than-linear and more accurate search. Detailed theoretical analysis shows that our scheme is really accurate and secure. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our scheme is indeed efficient and feasible.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".