A sub-mW Ultra-Low Power Low-Voltage LED Driver for a Patch Pulse Oximetry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a low-power wide-swing current mirror light emitting diode (LED) driver designed for an ultra-low power pulse oximeter. The presented driver can regulate red (Forward Voltage= 2.2 V) and infrared (Forward Voltage = 1.55 V) LEDs with a low supply voltage battery. The proposed new design relies on a clock-based strategy along with a wide-swing current mirror topology providing an improved dynamic range. The proposed LED driver allows the independent control of the driving current of each LED. By varying the duty cycle of a pulse wave modulation (PWM) signal, the operating and idle times of the circuits can be modulated to regulate the current. Using a 1% duty cycle and a 100 Hz PWM signal frequency, the estimated power consumption is 0.92 mW with a typical driving current of 14 mA for the red LED and a typical driving current of 20 mA for the infrared LED. The circuit is designed using a CMOS TSMC 130 nm process.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".