Rapidly In Situ Cross-Linked Poly(butylene oxide) Electrolyte Interface Enabling Halide-Based All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Halide-based solid-state halide electrolytes (SSEs) were recently revived as promising candidates for next-generation all-solid-state batteries due to their superionic conductivity, direct compatibility with high-voltage cathodes, and scalable production. However, the incompatibility between halide SSEs and lithium metal anodes remains a main challenge to achieve high energy density. Herein, we demonstrate a thin cross-linked poly(butylene oxide) solid polymer electrolyte (xPBO SPE) interlayer on the superionic Li 3 InCl 6 SSE to enable lithium metal compatibility. A rapid and solvent-free in situ cross-linking process is developed by reaction between a 0.5 s pulse of trimethylaluminum vapor and the hydroxyl terminal groups of poly(butylene oxide). The Li–Li symmetric cells using xPBO-SPE@Li 3 InCl 6 demonstrate a highly stable cycling performance over 1100 h and up to 1.0 mA cm –2 and 1.0 mAh cm –2 . All-solid-state lithium metal battery (ASSLMB) performance with a LiCoO 2 cathode is presented. This new rapid cross-linking strategy shall inspire more possibilities for lithium metal anode integration in ASSLMBs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".