Early Outcomes of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Complex Clinical Population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a new emerging neuromodulation treatment that has been tried for multiple psychiatric conditions [1, 2]. Its major approved application is treatment-resistant depression (TRD) [1]. At the same time there is a perceived potential for its use for other clinical conditions, primarily other mood and anxiety disorders [2]. At Homewood Health Centre we have been using rTMS as an adjunct treatment for patients with TRD and multiple comorbidities. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of rTMS in complex clinical populations. Methods Observational study. Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS). Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7). Descriptive statistics. Results We have treated 30 patients, 12 women (40%) and 18 men (60%), with average age of 42.0±15.6 years. All patients had a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder. The standard questionnaires were used to quantify the severity of depressive symptoms (QIDS) and anxiety (GAD-7). The average baseline scores for depression and anxiety were 16.1±4.9 and 15.0±4.4, respectively. The patients received an average of 28.1±5.1 treatments. All patients but one received the full course of treatment as planned. The average end-of-treatment (EoT) scores for severity of depressive symptoms and anxiety were 9.6±6.5 and 7.3±5.3, respectively. The rates of improvement and remission for depressive symptoms were 66.7% and 36.7%, respectively. The rates of improvement and remission for anxiety symptoms were 76.9% and 30.8%, respectively. Image: Conclusions Our data indicate that rTMS provides significant improvement and recovery rates in complex clinical populations and is well-tolerated. While further research is required, we recommend wider implementation of rTMS for treatment of mood and anxiety disorders. References 1. Brunoni AR, Chaimani A, Moffa AH, Razza LB, Gattaz WF, Daskalakis ZJ, Carvalho AF: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Acute Treatment of Major Depressive Episodes. JAMA Psychiatry 2017, 74(2):143. 2. Somani A, Kar SK: Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment-resistant depression: the evidence thus far. Gen Psychiatr 2019, 32(4):e100074. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".