A Coupled Transmission-Line-Based Measurement Technique for Currents in Switch-Mode Converters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Power integrity issues arise at gigahertz (GHz)-range in compact systems integrating fast-switching power devices, such as gallium nitride high-electron mobility transistors. GHz-range current measurement techniques must be used in switch-mode converters to assess those issues. State-of-the-art techniques are insufficient due to the inherent limitations of the high-impedance probe in a pick-up coil or the impractical dimensions of the probing apparatus for current-surface probes. This article proposes a novel compact coupled transmission-line-based measurement technique that takes advantage of mutual inductance, allowing the measurement of currents in the GHz-range. A thorough analytical formulation shows that its measurement distortion can be predicted at up to multiple GHz and that the probing pad can be placed at any convenient location on the substrate without affecting the measurement distortion. Measurements with the proposed structure validated with a resistive shunt show that the current in a switch-mode converter can be characterized at up to 1.95 GHz with less than 3-dB measurement distortion, which represents more than 4-dB reduction in amplitude distortion with respect to a resistive shunt technique.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".