Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pacific salmon are a remarkable group of animals, and the connections to their ecosystems and to humans may be more complex and profound than any other group of animals, and certainly more than any other group of fishes.First, though perhaps not foremost, they are collectively among the most valuable commercial fishery resources of the United States, with annual landed values that averaged $390 million from 1992 to 2001 according to U.S. Department of Commerce statistical reports.This is matched only by taxa such as crabs and shrimp that are taken from both oceans and include many diverse species.The finfish species that dominate the tonnage landed, walleye pollock and Atlantic menhaden in recent years, are lower in value than salmon despite their volume.In addition to their commercial value, salmon are the target of recreational fisheries with significant value to local economies.Perhaps more important than the amount of money spent in pursuit of salmon is the psychological uplift (often mixed liberally with frustration) that comes with time spent outdoors fishing alone or in the company of family and friends.Salmon also hold a special place in the culture, nutrition, and economy of peoples native to the coast of the North Pacific Ocean.They were traditionally important for food and for barter, and they continue to be a very important component of the culture and commerce of many groups.The salmon have been adopted as the region's icon by non-native peoples as well.One need only visit the gift shops in San Francisco, Portland, Seattle, Vancouver, Anchorage, and many smaller communities to see that salmon are readily embraced by modern society.Certainly, large trees and snow-capped mountains are also icons of the region, but somehow we do not connect with them as strongly as we do with salmon.The image of the salmon, leaping a waterfall in its heroic vii
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.788 | 0.615 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".