Regionalism, Multilateralism, and the Politics of Global Trade
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two seemingly antithetical forces -- globalization and regionalism -- are shaping the contemporary world economy. Globalization is accelerating interdependence on a worldwide basis. Regionalism attempts to harness the pressures of globalization through strengthened collaboration among states, most notably in Europe through the European Union, in North America through NAFTA, and in Asia Pacific through APEC. The rise of regionalism and an emerging interregional politics has stimulated a lively debate about whether regionalism supports or undermines the global trading system. The essays in Regionalism, Multilateralism, and the Politics of Global Trade reflect this debate and give it focus. The contributors, all recognized experts, explore the changing relationship between regionalism and multilateralism and examine the implications for national policy in a global trading system. Their discussion centres on four interrelated themes: the changing nature of regionalism, emerging patterns of interregional relations, the evolving relationship between regionalism and multilateralism, and the implications for state policy (particularly for Canada). This rich and diverse collection of essays provides new insights into the complex and changing relationships between states and regions within the global trading order. They will be of interest to professors and students of international relations, political economy, and trade law, as well as public policy makers, NGOs, and trade policy analysts.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".