Bibliographic record
Abstract
Over the last fifty years, Canadian universities have experienced remarkable change. The explosion of a so-called "knowledge-based" economy, increasing corporate presence and funding on campus, and the unprecedented rise in enrolment, among other factors, have all played significant roles in the shaping of the modern Canadian university. In this thoughtful book, Howard C. Clark considers how such changes to growth and governance have altered the nature of the institution itself. Tracing the development of the university from the end of the Second World War, through the seismic changes in the 1960s and 70s, Clark argues that while the accomplishments of Canadian universities were remarkable during this period, they were ill prepared for the financial constraints of the 1980s and early 1990s. As a result, they were left in a state of institutional paralysis that has hindered their ability to adapt to the needs of a changing society. Historians of education, cultural historians, university administrators, government policymakers, and those with a stake in public education will welcome this important volume by one of Canada's most respected university administrators and educators.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".