Bibliographic record
Abstract
The reach of the Chinese state has expanded and contracted over the two millennia since its foundation.From the Qin campaigns in the eighth century BCE to the present-day campaign to develop the West (Xibu kaifa), successive central governments have never been free of pressure regarding the borderlands, either through their own expansionist visions or from fear of external encroachment.The state, its bureaucracy, and its financial system were all deeply concerned with the borderlands, and all were involved in a process whereby the borders often had as much influence on the centre as the centre did on the periphery.Alexander Woodside has devoted part of his distinguished academic career to looking at the form and the functions of the Chinese state as well as those of its neighbour to the south, Vietnam.The original versions of the chapters in this volume were presented at a conference held at the University of British Columbia in February 2004 to mark his retirement.Most of the people who came to the conference were either his colleagues or his former students -in many cases both.Alex was born into the intellectual world.He grew up in Wychwood Park in Toronto, part of a discreet but brilliant community of academics that included Marshall McLuhan and Northrop Frye.He followed his father Moffatt Woodside into the university world, first to the University of Toronto as an undergraduate and then to Harvard as a graduate student and faculty member.For the last three decades, he has been back in his native land at the University of British Columbia.Alex's career has taken him to the heights of academic achievement.He is Canada's leading Sinologist and the West's leading expert on Vietnam.Japan and Korea have a title for their citizens who reach Alex's level of distinction: "national living treasures."The title is given for pure accomplishment, not for time-serving or for political contributions.It goes to artists, craftspeople, and performers.If Canada were to follow Japan's example, and to
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.529 | 0.344 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".