Similarity Impacts Where Repeated Events Fall on the Semantic-Episodic Continuum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Memory researchers have recently conceptualized repeated events as an intermediate form of memory between episodic and semantic memory. We explored whether self-reported event similarity affects where repeated events fall on a semantic-episodic continuum. Across two preregistered studies, repeated measures correlation indicated that similarity was positively correlated with self-reported reliance on semantic memory. Similarity was negatively correlated with reliance on a single episode. Latent profile analysis revealed three types of repeated event memories that differed in their relative use of semantic, single episode, and mixed episodes reliance. One profile was distinctively low on single episode reliance, while the other two had overall balanced ratings (one was high, the other was low). Subsequent analyses revealed the first profile was significantly higher in similarity of place than the other profiles. Our findings have implications for theoretical perspectives on repeated event memory, and have practical significance in legal and clinical contexts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".