Novel Electrode Design for Non-Destructive Resistivity Measurement on Material in Geotechnical Standard Sample Cylinders
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary We present a novel design of an electrode arrangement for measurement of the resistivity of soil samples contained in a sample cylinder used in standard geotechnical site investigations in Sweden. The objective is to make it possible to measure the resistivity of the same samples that are to be used for mechanical tests, without disturbing the samples in order to get unbiased mechanical test data. A design with four piece-of- pie shaped electrodes integrated in the lids in each end of the sample has been tested and evaluated. Temperature sensors are embedded in the electrode lids to allow temperature compensation of the measured data. Alternative electrode designs were modelled numerically with the finite element method (FEM) prior to the prototype manufacturing. Measurement tests with water filled sample cylinders show that stacking and reciprocal errors can be kept below 1% provided that suitable measurement settings and sequences are used. The geometrical factors depends on the distance between the electrodes in each end of the cylinder, i.e. varies with the length of the sample, and must be determined experimentally or via FEM modelling.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".