Ocular Manifestations of Sarcoidosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a complex granulomatous systemic inflammatory disease that can affect the eye and its adnexa. Ocular sarcoidosis is a leading cause of inflammatory eye disease that can result in significant visual impairment. Ocular inflammation can manifest with a wide range of clinical presentations and can involve almost any structure within or around the orbit causing uveitis, episcleritis/scleritis, eyelid anomalies, conjunctival granulomas, optic neuropathy, lacrimal gland enlargement, glaucoma, and/or cataract. The diagnosis of ocular sarcoidosis is typically established based on the presence of characteristic ophthalmologic findings, along with a positive tissue biopsy or bilateral hilar adenopathy on chest imaging. Topical, periocular, and systemic corticosteroids are commonly used to treat ocular sarcoidosis. Chronic cases or refractory cases may warrant immunomodulator therapy. Visual prognosis is contingent on severity of inflammation, time to treatment, and secondary ocular complications. This chapter will discuss the presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with ocular sarcoidosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".