Obesity in Mexican Children and Adolescents: Association to Pubertal Alterations and Muscular Strength
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: Interventional strategies aiming to prevent obesity in children do not always consider how obesity influences the process of pubertal maturation and its implications. Additionally, maturation status could play a vital role in performing specific physical capabilities. This study aims to analyze the association of obesity, pubertal timing and tempo, and muscular strength in children and adolescents from a developing country. Methods: We measured height, weight, sitting height, estimated leg length, and waist circumference (WC) and estimated the age at peak height velocity (APHV) of 125 children (58% girls, 8.9 ± 0.4 years) and 82 adolescents (45% girls, 12.8 ± 0.3 years) from public schools in Northwest Mexico. We also collected data on physical activity, handgrip strength, and socioeconomic and demographic information. Results: Waist circumference (WC) was associated with early APHV (β = 0.006, p = 0.010) but not with a faster height gain (β = -0.012, p = 0.146). Earlier APHV and higher WC were both associated with higher handgrip strength (β = 3.86, p < 0.001; β = 0.098, p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusions: Results suggest that higher WC was related to pubertal maturation patterns and results in better muscular strength performance. This data could improve the design and implementation of interventional strategies and public policies to decrease childhood obesity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".