Incidences and Outcomes of Operatively Treated Interprosthetic Femoral Fractures Compared to Vancouver Type C and Rorabeck Type II Fractures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This case-control study evaluated the incidences and outcomes of interprosthetic femoral fracture (IPFF) (Group I) and performed comparisons with Vancouver type C (Group II) and Rorabeck type II (Group III) periprosthetic femoral fractures (PPFF) occurring at similar anatomic sites. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for all patients who had a previously implanted total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), who lived in the hospital district and had undergone surgery due to PPFF. A total of 153 PPFFs [Group I (n = 31), Group II (n = 21), and Group III (n = 108)] were included. The annual incidences of PPFFs were summarized per 100,000 individuals. The risks of complications, reoperations, and mortalities were evaluated for all groups. RESULTS: The mean population-based annual incidence was 0.9 per 100,000 person years for Group I, 0.7 per 100,000 person years for Group II, and 3.1 per 100,000 person years for Group III. A total of 25 of 153 (16%) major complications were found and 23 of 153 (13%) cases resulted in a revision surgery. The cumulative incidence of death in Group I was 50.4% at 10 years, in Group II it was 63.8% at 10 years, and in Group III it was 74.9% at 10 years. CONCLUSION: The annual incidence of the IPFF almost doubled while the incidence of Vancouver type C stayed stable and Rorabeck type II incidence increased 5-fold. Most of the major complications occurred in IPFF group, while Rorabeck type II patients had the worst survival.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".