Symmetry Analyses of Epidemiological Model for Monkeypox Virus with Atangana–Baleanu Fractional Derivative
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The monkeypox virus causes a respiratory illness called monkeypox, which belongs to the Poxviridae virus family and the Orthopoxvirus genus. Although initially endemic in Africa, it has recently become a global threat with cases worldwide. Using the Antangana–Baleanu fractional order approach, this study aims to propose a new monkeypox transmission model that represents the interaction between the infected human and rodent populations. An iterative method and the fixed-point theorem are used to prove the existence and uniqueness of the symmetry model’s system of solutions. It shows that the symmetry model has equilibrium points when there are epidemics and no diseases. As well as the local asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium point, conditions for the endemic equilibrium point’s existence have also been demonstrated. For this purpose, the existence of optimal control is first ensured. The aim of the proposed optimal control problem is to minimize both the treatment and prevention costs, and the number of infected individuals. Optimal conditions are acquired Pontryagin’s maximum principle is used. Then, the stability of the symmetry model is discussed at monkeypox-free and endemic equilibrium points with treatment strategies to control the spread of the disease. Numerical simulations clearly show how necessary and successful the proposed combined control strategy is in preventing the disease from becoming epidemic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".