Combined Natural Convection and Radiative Heat Transfer from a Horizontal Helical Coil Placed on the Ground and in Air: A Comparative Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The current work presents a comparative analysis of natural convection and radiation heat transfer from a solid isothermal helical coil either placed on the ground or suspended in the air.Numerical simulations are carried out in the range of Rayleigh number ( ), surface emissivity ( )≤ ≤ , geometrical parameters of the helical-coil, like diameter of the coil ( ), and pitch ( ). A graphic representation of the effects of geometrical parameters on heat transfer characteristics has been depicted, including average Nu, relative convection and radiation rates, and temperature contours.Radiation heat transfer is modeled using the S2S radiation model.A helical-coil in the air always has a higher average Nu than one on the ground.It is found that with an increase in D/d, the heat loss from the coil rises for all p/d and Ra because the coil opening area on either side of the helical coil expands, providing less resistance to the core flow.When the coil is on the ground, and when D/d varies from 8 to 24, the relative strength of Qc rises by 2% and 1.07% for p/d=7.5 and 3 respectively at Ra=10 4 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".