A Flexible Pulsating Heat Pipe with Multiple Heat Transfer Branches
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Flexible heat pipes are highly desired in many applications, such as human body thermal management, cooling of flexible electronic devices, and waste heat or renewable energy harvesting. In general, the thermal performance of flexible heat pipes is inversely proportional to flexibility. In this paper, a flexible heat pipe with multiple heat transfer branches was fabricated by Teflon tubes in the middle section and copper tubes in the heating and cooling sections based on the working principle of a pulsating heat pipe, which had both good thermal performance and flexibility. The experimental results showed that the thermal performance of the heat pipe decreased with increasing the bending angle or decreasing the inclination angle of the heat pipe. Furthermore, the apparent thermal conductivity of the proposed flexible heat pipe increased with the increasing heat power, which was up to 4333 W/(mK) at the heat power of 24.6 W. In addition, as all the heat transfer branches had a large portion of the soft section (Teflon tube), they could deform independently with excellent flexibility. Therefore, the proposed flexible heat pipe can contribute to advanced thermal management and energy applications, which is beneficial to improve human thermal comfort as well as reduce fossil energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".