Global BCG Vaccination Coverage versus Cases and Mortality in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background:We examined if BCG vaccination policies adopted by different countries might influence the SARS-CoV-2 transmission patterns and associated morbidity and mortality through the vaccine's capacity to confer heterologous protection. Method: The focus of this study was on the initial impact of SARS-CoV-2 as on March 23, 2020. We compared the number of cases per million and deaths per million of population of 20 countries with a national BCG immunization program and 20 of those that did not have or have ceased their national BCG vaccination programs. Results:The Mann Whitney U-tests was significant (p<.001) for both the number of cases and for number of death per capita.Countries with BCG vaccine coverage had significantly less cases and significantly lower mortality. Discussion and Conclusion:Until a specific vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 is developed, vulnerable populations could be immunized with BCG vaccines to attain heterologous nonspecific protection from the new coronavirus.The choice of the best vaccine strain is important.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".