TOETVA parathyroid autofluorescence detection: hANDY-i endoscopy attachment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Treatment options for thyroid pathologies have expanded to include scarless and remote access methods such as the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA). Currently, no standardized methods exist for locating parathyroid glands (PGs) in patients undergoing TOETVA, which can lead to parathyroid injury and subsequent hypocalcemia. This early feasibility study describes and evaluates the hANDY-i endoscopic attachment for detecting PGs in transoral thyroidectomy. Methods: We used a prototype parathyroid autofluorescence imager (hANDY-i) that was mounted to a 10-mm 0-degree endoscope. The device delivers a split screen view of Red-green-blue (RGB) and near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) which allows for simultaneous anatomical localization and fluorescence visualization of PGs during endoscopic thyroid dissection. Results: One cadaveric case and two patient cases were included in this study. The endoscopic hANDY-i imaging system successfully visualized PGs during all procedures. Conclusion: The ability to leverage parathyroid autofluorescence during TOETVA may lead to improved PG localization and preservation. Further human studies are needed to assess its effect on postoperative hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".