Superresolution Enhancement in Biphoton Spatial-Mode Demultiplexing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Imaging systems measuring intensity in the far field succumb to Rayleigh's curse, a resolution limitation dictated by the finite aperture of the optical system. Many proof-of-principle and some two-dimensional imaging experiments have shown that, by using spatial mode demultiplexing (SPADE), the field information collected is maximal, and, thus, the resolution increases beyond the Rayleigh criterion. Hitherto, the SPADE approaches are based on resolving the lateral splitting of a Gaussian wave function. Here, we consider the case in which the light field originates from a biphoton source, i.e., spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and a horizontal separation is introduced in one of the two photons. We show that a separation induced in the signal photon arm can be superresolved using coincidence measurements after projecting both photons on Hermite-Gauss modes. Remarkably, the Fisher information associated with the measurement is enhanced compared to the ordinary SPADE techniques by $\sqrt{K}$, where $K$ is the Schmidt number of the two-photon state that quantifies the amount of spatial entanglement between the two photons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".