PARAGON mission concept: Seeing the Global Geospace in Mesoscale Resolution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we present PARAGON, a mission concept that provides predictive understanding of geomagnetic disturbances at systems level, by connecting global evolution to mesoscale dynamics and kinetic-scale effects.PARAGON introduces a paradigm shift in the way we observe geospace by utilizing coordinated: i) unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution imaging of the ring current, near-Earth plasma sheet, aurora, and plasmasphere and ii) in-situ plasma, energetic particles and magnetic field measurements, from different platforms, in order to discover, quantify and understand the global impact of mesoscale processes in the development of major geomagnetic disturbances.Since the beginning of the space age, we have ventured extensively into Earth's immediate surroundings, and have learned how geospace is a coupled system of systems, including the magnetosphere, the ionosphere and the upper atmosphere in which the ionosphere is embedded.Just like terrestrial weather disturbances, such as cyclones, evolve as a collection of processes at different spatial and temporal scales in the atmosphere, so too do geomagnetic storms transfer energy, mass, and momentum throughout geospace at local, mesoscale, and global scales.Multiple missions over the years have targeted either the local or global nature of geospace with in-situ probes or global imaging, respectively.However, understanding geomagnetic disturbances to the level of predictability remains elusive, because we still do not understand the bridge between the local and global geospace, that is, the mesoscale (1000 km to few R E in the magnetotail, ~10s-100s km in the ionosphere) processes and their global implications.PARAGON will determine under what conditions mesoscale processes in the coupled Magnetosphere-Ionosphere (M-I) system become geoeffective, by observing the global system in mesoscale resolution.PARAGON addresses fundamental questions about mesoscale processes that are observed throughout the solar system, from the fast rotating magnetospheres of Jupiter and Saturn to the supra-arcade downflows in the eruptive solar flares.Earth's accessible space environment provides the perfect laboratory for these processes to be explored in detail.With the outstanding question of the global impact of mesoscale processes still being at the forefront of magnetospheric physics, and considering the technological advancements over the last decade, PARAGON can and should be of the highestpriority for implementation in the upcoming decade.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".