The Effect of Collectivism on Union Attitudes and Beliefs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Researchers have attempted to understand the unionization process by examining the variables surrounding an individual’s decision to vote for a union. Despite the linkage of an individual’s attitude towards unions and the individual’s propensity to vote for a union, there has been little research which attempts to understand which personality constructs might be predictive of general attitudes towards unions. Using causal modeling techniques, we investigated the effect of collectivism on general union attitudes and union instrumentality beliefs with a sample of workers from the Southeastern United States. It was found that a more collectivist orientation is positively associated with beliefs about, and feelings towards, unions. Ancillary analyses revealed that African Americans held greater union favorability attitudes and greater positive beliefs about union instrumentality relative to Caucasians, though a more collectivist nature among African Americans did not explain these findings. It was also revealed that females had a more positive general attitude towards unions and were marginally more positive regarding the effects of unions on specific issues as compared to males.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".