Cardiac Manifestations with Chemotherapeutic Agents: 5 Fluorouracil-Induced Coronary Artery Vasospasm
Bibliographic record
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a fluorinated, pyrimidine analog, antineoplastic agent that is used in the treatment of several solid organ cancers. Cardiotoxicity is uncommon but life-threatening manifestations such as myocardial infarction may manifest owing to 5-FU-induced coronary artery spasm. Administering smaller doses of the drug, more frequently than not, decreases the risk of cardiotoxicity compared to large doses or with continuous infusions. We present a case of ST-segment elevation in a patient without known coronary artery disease who had presented following continuous 5-FU infusion. Coronary angiogram confirmed absence of coronary artery disease and intravenous calcium channel blockers administration was commensurate with the patient’s improvement in symptoms. We discuss the literature on 5-FU and its association with coronary artery spasm, and also briefly review chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicities to help better prepare internists and other primary health care providers to face similar challenges, particularly of the uncommon but potentially life-threatening manifestations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".