Exercise-induced deep vein thrombosis in the subclavian vein in an elite female athlete
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An adolescent female presented to the emergency room with pain, swelling and a palpable lump in the right axilla following activity on a rowing ergometer. The differential diagnosis at the time of presentation was deep vein thrombosis, mass compression and cellulitis. An ultrasound scan revealed an occlusive thrombus of the right axillary and subclavian veins, basilic vein and proximal cephalic vein. The patient underwent pharmacomechanical thrombolysis followed by catheter-directed thrombolysis. Dynamic venogram testing revealed venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS) and a transaxillary first rib resection was performed to decompress the costoclavicular space. Genetic testing revealed the patient was heterozygous for factor V Leiden. Two rounds of balloon dilatation plasty were performed to relieve recurring symptoms due to scarring and persisting compression, 1 and 3 years post rib resection. After extensive shared decision-making, the patient returned to sport, reporting only intermittent symptoms of post-thrombotic syndrome. This case sheds light on the importance of early diagnosis of VTOS for successful return to sport.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".