Techno-Economic Aspect of Dimension Stone Mining In Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In developing countries like Pakistan which are bestowed by nature with huge deposits of minerals arelargely run by small scale mining, and mostly result in wasting precious deposits by adopting conventional miningmethods neglecting the health and safety aspect. This research endeavour analyzed the techno-economic aspects ofvarious mining methods for extraction of dimension stone in chitral region and proposed a suitable mining methodbased on these aspects. Seven different deposits of dimension stone were taken as case studies to evaluate the proposedapproach. For each deposit, twelve criteria were compared as per the procedure of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).These aspects are quality, quantity, mining cost, infrastructure, mining and processing losses, mining time, equipment’sperformance, skilled labour, work capacity to fragment the deposits, benching and safety. Whereas, the alternatives aremechanized mining, material expansion/controlled blasting and conventional mining. The criteria were compared andmethods suitable for each deposit were suggested.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".